O uso do cannabis no transtorno do espectro autista
revisão sistemática e metanálise
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47822/bn.v13i1.959Palavras-chave:
Transtorno do espectro autista. Canabinóides. Canabidiol.Resumo
Objetivo: investigar as evidências do tratamento do transtorno do espectro autista com cannabis, buscando-se registrar os benefícios dessa proposta terapêutica em pacientes. Métodos: estudo de revisão sistemática, conduzido conforme as diretrizes PRISMA. Foram consultadas as bases de dados PubMed, BVS (LILACS e MEDLINE), Biblioteca Cochrane, Web of Science e Scopus. A qualidade e a validade interna dos estudos foram avaliadas por meio do Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE), da escala LONEY e da escala PEDro. Para a confecção da metanálise, foi utilizado modelo de efeito aleatório e teste de heterogeneidade. A respeito da análise de heterogeneidade, foram utilizados os testes Q de Cochran e o I². Foram considerados aceitáveis valores de I² abaixo de 25%. Para o cálculo do peso ou contribuição de cada estudo, foram utilizados modelos de efeitos aleatórios. O intervalo de confiança utilizado foi de 95% e valor p significativo <0,05. Foram avaliadas na metanálise, as escalas ADOS-2, VABS e CARS. Resultados: foram identificados 12 estudos, sendo cinco observacionais e sete clínicos randomizados. Estudos de vários países e com amostras heterogêneas indicam que há associação positiva entre o uso de cannabis e desfechos positivos no tratamento do transtorno do espectro autista. A metanálise, revelou-se que o uso de cannabis não modificou os resultados identificados na escala avaliativa ADOS-2, entretanto, os dados dos testes CARS e VABS mostraram significância estatística a favor do grupo experimento. Conclusão: a cannabis e os canabinóides podem ter efeitos promissores no tratamento dos sintomas relacionados ao TEA, podendo ser utilizados como alternativa terapêutica no alívio desses sintomas.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Marcelo José da Silva de Magalhães, Fabricia Emanuelle Marques Rodrigues
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